In this essay, Marcel Mauss synthesizes the anthropological works of his time so as to better lead a reflexion upon the gift and the reasons for the counter-gift. Using ethnological studies that were led in Polynesia, Melanesia and America, Mauss extracts from the analysis of archaic societies...

Through an imaginary character, Emile, Rousseau explains its theories on education. His educational project consists in respecting the natural evolution of the person, its physical, intellectual and moral development to make of him a natural man able to live in society. More than a treatise on...

In Hard Times Charles Dickens profoundly critizes the capitalist and industrial society he lived in at a time when steam power and coal were at the mouth of each manufacturer. Amorality, hardness of feelings and inhumanity are successively attacked in this critic through several portraits of...

Simone Weil had the personal will to know the Labor condition from inside. She spent one year working in industry as a laborer in order to actually experience the Labor condition. She wrote everything down: the physical harshness of the work, the moral impact of working cadence, the unfair balance...

In our society, work is preached like an essential value that cannot be ignored. The search of full employment is one of the main objectives of economic policies. Work, defined as the human action on nature in order to provide for human needs, is regarded as an essential condition to humanity...